Antimony (Sb) – Periodic Table [Element Information & More]

Antimony element (Sb) is in group 15 and period 5 of a periodic table. Antimony is in the p-block and it is classified as a metalloid on the periodic table.

There is a lot more information related to antimony which is mentioned in the Information Table given below.

So let’s dive right into it!

Table of contents

• Antimony element (Information Table)
• Antimony element in Periodic table
• Facts about Antimony
• Properties of Antimony
• Uses of Antimony

Antimony Element (Information Table)

The important data related to antimony element is given in the table below.

Appearance of antimony	Silvery gray metallic appearance
Atomic number of antimony	51
Symbol of antimony	Sb
Atomic mass of antimony	121.76 u
Protons, Neutrons & Electrons in antimony	Protons: 51, Neutrons: 71, Electrons: 51
State of antimony (at STP)	Solid
Group number of antimony in periodic table	15
Period number of antimony in periodic table	5
Block of antimony in periodic table	p-block
Category of antimony	Metalloids
Bohr model or Electrons per shell or Electrons arrangement in antimony	2, 8, 18, 18, 5
Electron configuration of antimony	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
Orbital diagram of antimony
Valence electrons in antimony	5
Electronegativity of antimony (on pauling scale)	2.05
Atomic radius of antimony (van der Waals radius)	206 picometers
Density of antimony	6.7 g/cm3
1st ionization energy of antimony	8.64 eV
Main isotope of antimony	121Sb
Melting point of antimony	903.7 K or 630.6 °C or 1167.1 °F
Boiling point of antimony	1908 K or 1635 °C or 2975 °F
Crystal structure of antimony	Rhombohedral

Also see: Interactive Periodic Table (It has rotating bohr models as well as many other details of all the 118 elements in a single periodic table).

Antimony element in Periodic table

The Antimony element (Sb) has the atomic number 51 and is located in group 15 and period 5. Antimony is a metalloid and it is classified as a pnictogen element.

Click on above elements in the periodic table to see their information.

Facts about antimony

Here are a few interesting facts about antimony element.

1. Antimony was given its name from the two Greek words “anti” and “monos” (which means a metal that is not found alone).
2. Around 80% of the world’s antimony production comes from China.
3. Earth’s crust contains around 0.2 to 0.5 ppm of antimony.
4. Stibnite is a mineral of antimony from which most of the antimony is found.

Properties of antimony

Here is a list of some physical properties and chemical properties of antimony.

Physical properties of antimony

• Antimony is a solid metal having a silver gray appearance.
• Antimony can not be malleable as it is hard and brittle.
• Antimony is a poor conductor of heat as well as electricity.
• The melting point and boiling point of antimony is 903.7 K and 1908 K respectively.
• The density of antimony is 6.7 g/cm³ and its atomic mass is 121.76 u.
• There are many isotopes of antimony, but the most abundant isotope is ¹²¹Sb.
• The antimony has a rhombohedral crystal structure.

Chemical properties of antimony

• Antimony does not react with air when it is kept open in the air. But the black allotrope of antimony gets corroded in the air.
• Antimony can be dissolved in oxidizing acids like H₂SO₄ or HNO₃.
• When antimony is heated in air, it forms antimony trioxide.

Uses of antimony

Here are some uses of the antimony element.

• The alloy of antimony and lead is used in manufacturing of battery components, cable sheathing, etc.
• Glass, paints, ceramics also uses some compounds of antimony in it.
• Antimony is used in some semiconductor devices like infrared detectors, diodes, etc.

External resources:

1. Periodic Table of Elements: Los Alamos National Laboratory. (n.d.). Periodic Table of Elements: Los Alamos National Laboratory. https://periodic.lanl.gov/51.shtml
2. Atomic Weight of Antimony | Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights. (n.d.). Atomic Weight of Antimony | Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights. https://ciaaw.org/antimony.htm
3. Atomic Data for Antimony (Sb). (n.d.). Atomic Data for Antimony (Sb). https://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/Handbook/Tables/antimonytable1.htm
4. Prohaska, T., et al. (2022, May 1). Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 94(5), 573–600. https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0603
5. Haynes, W. M. (Ed.). (2014, June 4). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. https://doi.org/10.1201/b17118
6. Kaye, G W.C., & Laby, T H. Tables of physical and chemical constants. 15th Edition. United States.
7. Sansonetti, J. E., & Martin, W. C. (2005, December). Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 34(4), 1559–2259. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1800011
8. Antimony Statistics and Information | U.S. Geological Survey. (n.d.). Antimony Statistics and Information | U.S. Geological Survey. https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/antimony-statistics-and-information
9. Antimony – Wikipedia. (2009, October 16). Antimony – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimony
10. Antimony – Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table. (n.d.). Antimony – Element Information, Properties and Uses | Periodic Table. https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/51/antimony
11. It’s Elemental – The Element Antimony. (n.d.). It’s Elemental – the Element Antimony. https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele051.html
12. P. (n.d.). Antimony | Sb (Element) – PubChem. Antimony | Sb (Element) – PubChem. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/element/Antimony
13. C&EN: IT’S ELEMENTAL: THE PERIODIC TABLE – ANTIMONY. (n.d.). C&EN: IT’S ELEMENTAL: THE PERIODIC TABLE – ANTIMONY. https://pubsapp.acs.org/cen/80th/antimony.html?
14. Bondi, A. (1964, March). van der Waals Volumes and Radii. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 68(3), 441–451. https://doi.org/10.1021/j100785a001
15. Holden, et al. (2018, December 1). IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements and Isotopes (IPTEI) for the Education Community (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 90(12), 1833–2092. https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0703
16. Zhang, et al. (2011, January 11). Corrected Values for Boiling Points and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Elements in Handbooks. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 56(2), 328–337. https://doi.org/10.1021/je1011086