
Hydrogen element (H) is in group 1 and period 1 of a periodic table. Hydrogen is placed along with the alkali metals because it has similar electronic configuration as that of group 1 elements.
There is a lot more information related to hydrogen which is mentioned in the Information Table given below.
So let’s dive right into it!
Table of contents
- Hydrogen element (Information Table)
- Hydrogen element in Periodic table
- Facts about Hydrogen
- Properties of Hydrogen
- Uses of Hydrogen
Hydrogen Element (Information Table)
The important data related to hydrogen element is given in the table below.
Appearance of hydrogen | Colorless gas |
Atomic number of hydrogen | 1 |
Symbol of hydrogen | H |
Atomic mass of hydrogen | 1.008 u |
Protons, Neutrons & Electrons in hydrogen | Protons: 1, Neutrons: 0, Electrons: 1 |
State of hydrogen (at STP) | Gas |
Group number of hydrogen in periodic table | 1 |
Period number of hydrogen in periodic table | 1 |
Block of hydrogen in periodic table | s-block |
Category of hydrogen | Other nonmetals |
Bohr model or Electrons per shell or Electrons arrangement in hydrogen | 1 electron in 1st shell |
Electron configuration of hydrogen | 1s1 |
Orbital diagram of hydrogen | ![]() |
Valence electrons in hydrogen | 1 |
Electronegativity of hydrogen (on pauling scale) | 2.2 |
Atomic radius of hydrogen (van der Waals radius) | 120 picometers |
Density of hydrogen | 0.0898 g/L |
1st ionization energy of hydrogen | 13.598 eV |
Main isotope of hydrogen | 1H, 2H |
Melting point of hydrogen | 13.99 K or -259.16 °C or -434.49 °F |
Boiling point of hydrogen | 20.271 K or -252.87 °C or -423.18 °F |
Crystal structure of hydrogen | Hexagonal |
Discovery of hydrogen | By Henry Cavendish in 1766 |
Also see: Interactive Periodic Table (It has rotating bohr models as well as many other details of all the 118 elements in a single periodic table).
Hydrogen element in Periodic table
The Hydrogen element (H) has the atomic number 1 and is located in group 1 and period 1. Hydrogen is in gaseous state at STP and it is classified as other nonmetals element.
H | He | ||||||||||||||||
Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | ||||||||||
Na | Mg | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar | ||||||||||
K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
Cs | Ba | La* | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
Fr | Ra | Ac** | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
*Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | ||||
**Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Facts about hydrogen
Here are a few interesting facts about hydrogen element.
- Out of all the 118 elements, the hydrogen element is the element that does not have neutrons.
- Hydrogen is the highly abundant element present in the universe, it is approximately 74%.
- As hydrogen is a light gas, it does not stay in the earth’s atmosphere.
- Hydrogen is present in all living beings. The water present in our body contains hydrogen in it (because the chemical formula of water is H2O).
- The atmosphere of stars contains hydrogen and helium in very large quantities.
- According to the research done by the scientists, it is believed that the hydrogen gas was produced during the big bang.
Properties of hydrogen
Here is a list of some physical properties and chemical properties of hydrogen.
Physical properties of hydrogen
- Hydrogen is in gaseous state at STP and it is colorless, odorless and tasteless.
- The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.008 amu and it is 14.5 times lighter than air.
- Hydrogen gas has the lowest density out of all the gases present on the periodic table.
- The van der Waals atomic radius of a hydrogen atom is 120 picometers.
- The melting point and boiling point of hydrogen is 13.99 K and 20.271 K respectively.
Chemical properties of hydrogen
- Hydrogen is highly flammable and it catches fire very easily.
- Hydrogen can easily form compounds with halogens like fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc. It also forms compounds with other nonmetals.
- Hydrogen has the electron configuration of 1s1, which means that it can either gain one electron or lose one electron during a chemical reaction. If it loses an electron, then it will form H+ ion; and if it gains one electron, then it will form H– ion.
- Heating of the hydrogen gas can cause explosion or violent combustion.
- The auto ignition temperature of hydrogen gas is 500 °C, that means the hydrogen gas ignites on its own at this temperature without any external spark or flame.
Uses of hydrogen
Here are some uses of the hydrogen element.
- As hydrogen is the lightest gas, it is used in balloons and airships.
- Hydrogen is also used in chemical industries in production of ammonia.
- Hydrogen can be used in fuel cells to generate electricity.
- The liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen are used as a cryogenic fuel in rockets.
- Hydrogen is also used as a shielding gas in atomic hydrogen welding.
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