
Lead element (Pb) is in group 14 and period 6 of a periodic table. Lead is in the p-block and it is classified as a post-transition element on the periodic table.
There is a lot more information related to lead which is mentioned in the Information Table given below.
So let’s dive right into it!
Table of contents
- Lead element (Information Table)
- Lead element in Periodic table
- Facts about Lead
- Properties of Lead
- Uses of Lead
Lead Element (Information Table)
The important data related to lead element is given in the table below.
Appearance of lead | Metallic-gray |
Atomic number of lead | 82 |
Symbol of lead | Pb |
Atomic mass of lead | 207.2 u |
Protons, Neutrons & Electrons in lead | Protons: 82, Neutrons: 125, Electrons: 82 |
State of lead (at STP) | Solid |
Group number of lead in periodic table | 14 |
Period number of lead in periodic table | 6 |
Block of lead in periodic table | p-block |
Category of lead | Post transition element (carbon group) |
Bohr model or Electrons per shell or Electrons arrangement in lead | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4 |
Electron configuration of lead | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2 |
Orbital diagram of lead | ![]() |
Valence electrons in lead | 4 |
Electronegativity of lead (on pauling scale) | 2.33 |
Atomic radius of lead (van der Waals radius) | 202 picometers |
Density of lead | 11.34 g/cm3 |
1st ionization energy of lead | 7.417 eV |
Main isotope of lead | 208Pb |
Melting point of lead | 600.6 K or 327.4 °C or 621.4 °F |
Boiling point of lead | 2022 K or 1749 °C or 3180 °F |
Crystal structure of lead | Face Centered Cubic (FCC) |
Also see: Interactive Periodic Table (It has rotating bohr models as well as many other details of all the 118 elements in a single periodic table).
Lead element in Periodic table
The Lead element (Pb) has the atomic number 82 and is located in group 14 and period 6. Lead is a metal and it is classified as a post-transition element.
H | He | ||||||||||||||||
Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | ||||||||||
Na | Mg | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar | ||||||||||
K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
Cs | Ba | La* | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
Fr | Ra | Ac** | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
*Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | ||||
**Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Facts about lead
Here are a few interesting facts about lead element.
- The earth’s crust has around 114 ppm (by weight) of lead.
- Lead has been discovered since ancient times.
- More lead in the human body can affect the kidneys, heart, intestines, as well as nervous system.
- Lead sulfide (PbS) is the main ore of lead and majority of lead is obtained from this ore.
Properties of lead
Here is a list of some physical properties and chemical properties of lead.
Physical properties of lead
- Lead has a silvery gray metallic appearance.
- Lead is not a good conductor of electricity.
- Lead is malleable and ductile metal.
- Lead has many isotopes and out of those isotopes, the most abundant isotope is 208Pb.
- Lead has FCC crystal structure.
- The melting point and boiling point of lead is 600.6 K and 2022 K respectively.
Chemical properties of lead
- Lead reacts with the atmospheric oxygen and forms a gray oxide layer on it.
- The most common oxidation states of lead are +2 and +4.
- Lead has an electronegativity of 2.33 on the pauling’s scale.
- The electron configuration of lead is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2. This shows that the last electron enters the p-orbital, and hence it is a p-block element.
Uses of lead
Here are some uses of the lead element.
- Majority of lead is used in manufacturing of lead batteries.
- Lead is used in manufacturing of bullets as well as radiation shields.
- Lead metal was used in plumbing works. But now its use has been stopped due to the toxicity of lead.
- Lead is also used in the covering materials used for cables.
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