
Vanadium element (V) is in group 5 and period 4 of a periodic table. Vanadium is in the d-block and it is classified as a transition element on the periodic table.
There is a lot more information related to vanadium which is mentioned in the Information Table given below.
So let’s dive right into it!
Table of contents
- Vanadium element (Information Table)
- Vanadium element in Periodic table
- Facts about Vanadium
- Properties of Vanadium
- Uses of Vanadium
Vanadium Element (Information Table)
The important data related to vanadium element is given in the table below.
Appearance of vanadium | Shiny bluish gray |
Atomic number of vanadium | 23 |
Symbol of vanadium | V |
Atomic mass of vanadium | 50.942 u |
Protons, Neutrons & Electrons in vanadium | Protons: 23, Neutrons: 28, Electrons: 23 |
State of vanadium (at STP) | Solid |
Group number of vanadium in periodic table | 5 |
Period number of vanadium in periodic table | 4 |
Block of vanadium in periodic table | d-block |
Category of vanadium | Transition metals |
Bohr model or Electrons per shell or Electrons arrangement in vanadium | 2, 8, 11, 2 |
Electron configuration of vanadium | [Ar] 3d3 4s2 |
Orbital diagram of vanadium | ![]() |
Electronegativity of vanadium (on pauling scale) | 1.63 |
Atomic radius of vanadium (van der Waals radius) | 179 picometers |
Density of vanadium | 6.11 g/cm3 |
1st ionization energy of vanadium | 6.746 eV |
Main isotope of vanadium | 51V |
Melting point of vanadium | 2183 K or 1910 °C or 3470 °F |
Boiling point of vanadium | 3680 K or 3407 °C or 6165 °F |
Crystal structure of vanadium | Body Centered Cubic (BCC) |
Discovery of vanadium | By Andres Manuel del Rio in 1801 |
Also see: Interactive Periodic Table (It has rotating bohr models as well as many other details of all the 118 elements in a single periodic table).
Vanadium element in Periodic table
The Vanadium element (V) has the atomic number 23 and is located in group 5 and period 4. Vanadium is a metal and it is classified as a transition element.
H | He | ||||||||||||||||
Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | ||||||||||
Na | Mg | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar | ||||||||||
K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
Cs | Ba | La* | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
Fr | Ra | Ac** | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
*Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | ||||
**Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Facts about vanadium
Here are a few interesting facts about vanadium element.
- The name “Vanadium” came from the name of Scandinavian goddess of beauty “Vanadis”.
- Vanadium was discovered in 1801 by Spanish scientist Andres Manuel del Rio.
- Most of the vanadium (around 80%) is used in the production of steel.
- Vanadinite (a mineral of vanadium), appears red in color.
- The proportion of vanadium in the earth’s crust is approximately 150 ppm.
- Around 98% of vanadium ores are present in South Africa, China and Russia.
- China is the largest producer of vanadium in the entire world.
Properties of vanadium
Here is a list of some physical properties and chemical properties of vanadium.
Physical properties of vanadium
- Vanadium is moderately hard and ductile metal.
- Vanadium has a shiny bluish gray appearance.
- The naturally occurring vanadium has the stable isotope 51V.
Chemical properties of vanadium
- Vanadium is chemically less reactive to alkalis and acids.
- A very thin oxide layer is formed on the surface of vanadium metal when kept open in air. For further oxidation, it requires a temperature of 660 °C.
- The electron configuration of vanadium is [Ar] 3d3 4s2 and it is classified as a transition metal on the periodic table.
- Vanadium can also form stable carbides and nitrides, which gives improved properties.
Uses of vanadium
Here are some uses of the vanadium element.
- Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is a compound of vanadium that is used as a catalyst for production of H2SO4 (sulfuric acid).
- Vanadium is used as an alloy with steel in the manufacturing of ferrovanadium.
- Vanadium steel is also used in making axles, frames of bicycles, gears, crankshafts, etc.
- Vanadium is used in making HSS (high speed steels), which contains around 1% to 5% of vanadium content.
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