Palladium (Pd) – Periodic Table [Element Information & More]

Palladium element (Pd) is in group 10 and period 5 of a periodic table. Palladium is in the d-block and it is classified as a transition element on the periodic table.

There is a lot more information related to palladium which is mentioned in the Information Table given below.

So let’s dive right into it!

Table of contents

• Palladium element (Information Table)
• Palladium element in Periodic table
• Facts about Palladium
• Properties of Palladium
• Uses of Palladium

Palladium Element (Information Table)

The important data related to palladium element is given in the table below.

Appearance of palladium	Silvery white
Atomic number of palladium	46
Symbol of palladium	Pd
Atomic mass of palladium	106.42 u
Protons, Neutrons & Electrons in palladium	Protons: 46, Neutrons: 60, Electrons: 46
State of palladium (at STP)	Solid
Group number of palladium in periodic table	10
Period number of palladium in periodic table	5
Block of palladium in periodic table	d-block
Category of palladium	Transition metals
Bohr model or Electrons per shell or Electrons arrangement in palladium	2, 8, 18, 18
Electron configuration of palladium	[Kr] 4d10
Orbital diagram of palladium
Electronegativity of palladium (on pauling scale)	2.2
Atomic radius of palladium (van der Waals radius)	202 picometers
Density of palladium	12.023 g/cm3
1st ionization energy of palladium	8.337 eV
Main isotopes of palladium	105Pd (22%), 106Pd (27%), 108Pd (26%)
Melting point of palladium	1828 K or 1554.9 °C or 2830.8 °F
Boiling point of palladium	3236 K or 2963 °C or 5365 °F
Crystal structure of palladium	Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Discovery of palladium	By William Hyde Wollaston in 1802

Also see: Interactive Periodic Table (It has rotating bohr models as well as many other details of all the 118 elements in a single periodic table).

Palladium element in Periodic table

The Palladium element (Pd) has the atomic number 46 and is located in group 10 and period 5. Palladium is a metal and it is classified as a transition element.

Click on above elements in the periodic table to see their information.

Facts about palladium

Here are a few interesting facts about the palladium element.

1. The palladium was given its name from the name of the asteroid “pallas”.
2. Palladium was discovered by William Hyde Wollaston in 1802.
3. Palladium is present in the earth’s crust as an alloyed metal with gold and other metals of platinum group.
4. Around 40% of the total production of palladium comes from Russia and South Africa.
5. Out of the total available palladium, 50% of it is used in catalytic converters.
6. Palladium is even rarer than metals like gold and platinum.

Properties of palladium

Here is a list of some physical properties and chemical properties of palladium.

Physical properties of palladium

• Palladium has a silvery white metallic appearance.
• The melting point and boiling point of palladium is 1828 K and 3236 K respectively.
• Palladium has an atomic mass 106.42 u and its density is 12.023 g/cm³.
• Palladium has FCC crystal structure.
• Palladium has many isotopes and out of these isotopes the most abundant and stable isotope is ¹⁰⁶Pd and it has an abundance of 27%.

Chemical properties of palladium

• The electron configuration of palladium is [Kr] 4d¹⁰ and it is classified as a transition metal on the periodic table (because it has incomplete d-orbitals in its most common oxidation state Pd²⁺).
• Palladium can absorb hydrogen gas and forms palladium hydride.
• If palladium is kept open in the air, then it does not tarnish.
• It is found that palladium reacts with oxygen at higher temperatures to form palladium oxide.

Uses of palladium

Here are some uses of the palladium element.

• Palladium is mostly used in catalytic converters in automobiles.
• Palladium is also added to jewelry as it does not tarnish in the air.
• Palladium is used as a catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
• Palladium is used in filtering and storing of hydrogen gas.

External resources:

1. Atomic Data for Palladium (Pd). (n.d.). Atomic Data for Palladium (Pd). https://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/Handbook/Tables/palladiumtable1.htm
2. Bedford, et al. (1996, April 1). Recommended values of temperature on the International Temperature Scale of 1990 for a selected set of secondary reference points. Metrologia, 33(2), 133–154. https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/33/2/3
3. Allred, A. (1961, June). Electronegativity values from thermochemical data. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 17(3–4), 215–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1902(61)80142-5
4. Palladium – Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table. (n.d.). Palladium – Element Information, Properties and Uses | Periodic Table. https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/46/palladium
5. Possolo, et al. (2018, January 4). Interpreting and propagating the uncertainty of the standard atomic weights (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 90(2), 395–424. https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2016-0402
6. Emsley, J. (2011). Nature’s Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. United Kingdom: OUP Oxford.
7. Palladium | Pd | ChemSpider. (n.d.). Palladium | Pd | ChemSpider. http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.22380.html?rid=276d5b1f-bdfe-4cc5-a775-a5681a95e4b2&page_num=0
8. Periodic Table of Elements: Los Alamos National Laboratory. (n.d.). Periodic Table of Elements: Los Alamos National Laboratory. https://periodic.lanl.gov/46.shtml
9. Atomic Weight of Palladium | Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights. (n.d.). Atomic Weight of Palladium | Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights. https://ciaaw.org/palladium.htm
10. Haynes, W. M. (Ed.). (2014, June 4). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. https://doi.org/10.1201/b17118
11. Electronic structure of the elements. (2000, March). The European Physical Journal C, 15(1–4), 78–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02683401
12. James A. M. & Lord M. P. (1992). Macmillan’s chemical and physical data. Macmillan.
13. Palladium – Wikipedia. (2009, November 12). Palladium – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladium
14. It’s Elemental – The Element Palladium. (n.d.). It’s Elemental – the Element Palladium. https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele046.html
15. C&EN: IT’S ELEMENTAL: THE PERIODIC TABLE – PALLADIUM. (n.d.). C&EN: IT’S ELEMENTAL: THE PERIODIC TABLE – PALLADIUM. https://pubsapp.acs.org/cen/80th/palladium.html?