
Bromine element (Br) is in group 17 and period 4 of a periodic table. Bromine is in the p-block and it is classified as a halogen group element on the periodic table.
There is a lot more information related to bromine which is mentioned in the Information Table given below.
So let’s dive right into it!
Table of contents
- Bromine element (Information Table)
- Bromine element in Periodic table
- Facts about Bromine
- Properties of Bromine
- Uses of Bromine
Bromine Element (Information Table)
The important data related to bromine element is given in the table below.
Appearance of bromine | Reddish brown color |
Atomic number of bromine | 35 |
Symbol of bromine | Br |
Atomic mass of bromine | 79.904 u |
Protons, Neutrons & Electrons in bromine | Protons: 35, Neutrons: 45, Electrons: 35 |
State of bromine (at STP) | Liquid |
Group number of bromine in periodic table | 17 |
Period number of bromine in periodic table | 4 |
Block of bromine in periodic table | p-block |
Category of bromine | Nonmetals (halogens) |
Bohr model or Electrons per shell or Electrons arrangement in bromine | 2, 8, 18, 7 |
Electron configuration of bromine | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 |
Orbital diagram of bromine | ![]() |
Valence electrons in bromine | 7 |
Electronegativity of bromine (on pauling scale) | 2.96 |
Atomic radius of bromine (van der Waals radius) | 183 picometers |
Density of bromine (Br2) | 3.12 g/cm3 |
1st ionization energy of bromine | 11.814 eV |
Main isotope of bromine | 79Br (51%) and 81Br (49%) |
Melting point of bromine (Br2) | 265.8 K or -7.2 °C or 19 °F |
Boiling point of bromine (Br2) | 332 K or 58.8 °C or 137.8 °F |
Crystal structure of bromine | Orthorhombic |
Discovery of bromine | By Antoine Jerome Balard and Carl Jacob Lowig (in 1825) |
Also see: Interactive Periodic Table (It has rotating bohr models as well as many other details of all the 118 elements in a single periodic table).
Bromine element in Periodic table
The Bromine element (Br) has the atomic number 35 and is located in group 17 and period 4. Bromine is a nonmetal and it is classified as a halogen element.
H | He | ||||||||||||||||
Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | ||||||||||
Na | Mg | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar | ||||||||||
K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
Cs | Ba | La* | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
Fr | Ra | Ac** | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
*Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | ||||
**Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Facts about bromine
Here are a few interesting facts about bromine element.
- Bromine was named on the basis of the Greek word “bromos”.
- Bromine is the nonmetal that is in liquid state at STP.
- Bromine and mercury are the only elements on the entire periodic table that are in liquid state at STP.
- Bromine is the 3rd lightest halogen in the periodic table.
- Bromine is in liquid state and it is 3 times denser than water.
- Bromine is the 44th most abundant element present in the earth’s crust.
- Bromine is present in the earth’s crust at a concentration of 2.4 ppm.
- Pure bromine is toxic and it can burn the skin.
- Bromine atoms are more harmful for the ozone layer as compared to that of chlorine atoms.
Properties of bromine
Here is a list of some physical properties and chemical properties of bromine.
Physical properties of bromine
- Bromine is a liquid nonmetal and it has a reddish-brown appearance.
- The melting point and boiling point of bromine is -7.2 °C and 58.8 °C respectively.
- The vapors of bromine irritates our eyes and it also has a very pungent smell.
- Bromine has 2 stable isotopes (79Br and 81Br).
- The bromine has a density of 3.12 g/cm3 and its atomic mass is 79.904 u.
Chemical properties of bromine
- Bromine is not found in its free state due to its high reactivity.
- Bromine always exists as a Br2 molecule.
- The electron configuration of bromine is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 (with electron shell arrangement: 2, 8, 18, 7) and it requires only one electron to get the complete octet in the outer shell.
- Bromine produces salts when it reacts with metals.
- The most common oxidation state of bromine is -1.
Uses of bromine
Here are some uses of the bromine element.
- Bromine is used in agricultural industries to make insecticides as well as other chemicals.
- Bromine is also used for purifying the water.
- In ancient times, bromine was also used as a dye material.
- Bromine can be added to swimming pools as an alternative to chlorine.
- Bromine is also used in making of flame retardant material.
- Silver bromide is used in photography.
Article by;